📖 Glossary

Quick, jargon-light definitions for the vocabulary used across the projects and notes. Filter by keyword or category.

22 terms

LLM (Large Language Model)Models & generation
A neural network trained to predict the next token, producing human-like text.
TokenModels & generation
A chunk of text (word piece) the model reads and generates one at a time.
Context windowModels & generation
The maximum number of tokens a model can consider at once — its working memory.
TemperatureModels & generation
A sampling knob: low = focused/deterministic, high = creative/varied output.
System promptCore concepts
Instructions that set persona, rules and tone for the whole conversation.
Prompt engineeringCore concepts
Designing inputs (instructions, examples, context) to steer model behaviour.
Few-shot promptingCore concepts
Giving the model a handful of examples in the prompt to demonstrate the task.
GroundingCore concepts
Answering from supplied source material instead of the model’s memory, to cut hallucination.
HallucinationCore concepts
A confident but false or unsupported statement from the model.
EmbeddingRetrieval & RAG
A vector representation of text where similar meanings sit close together.
Cosine similarityRetrieval & RAG
A score for how aligned two vectors are — used to rank documents by relevance.
Vector databaseRetrieval & RAG
A store that indexes embeddings for fast nearest-neighbour (similarity) search.
ChunkingRetrieval & RAG
Splitting documents into passages so retrieval can return focused, relevant pieces.
Top-k retrievalRetrieval & RAG
Keeping the k most similar chunks to the query as candidate context.
RAGRetrieval & RAG
Retrieval-Augmented Generation: retrieve relevant chunks, then generate a grounded answer.
Re-rankerRetrieval & RAG
A second-stage model that re-orders retrieved chunks by true relevance.
HyDERetrieval & RAG
Hypothetical Document Embeddings: embed a drafted answer to improve retrieval.
AgentAgents
An LLM in a loop that can use tools, observe results, and decide the next step.
Tool / function callingAgents
The model emitting a structured request to run external code or APIs.
Agentic RAGAgents
RAG wrapped in a reasoning loop that judges relevance and retries retrieval.
Multi-agent systemAgents
Several specialised agents (e.g. researcher, writer) that hand off to each other.
OrchestratorAgents
A manager agent that plans a task and delegates sub-tasks to workers.